DBMS default accounts must be protected from misuse.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-61849	O121-N2-004701	SV-76339r1_rule		Medium

Description
The Security Requirements Guide says, "Default accounts are usually accounts that have special privileges required to administer the database. Well-known DBMS account names are targeted most frequently by attackers and are thus more prone to providing unauthorized access to the database. "If default account names are not changed, an attacker has a predefined list of accounts to target. Since most default accounts are administrative in nature, the compromise of a default account can have catastrophic consequences, including the complete loss of control over the information system." However, Oracle does not provide for changing user names directly. Workarounds to achieve the effect of a name change are cumbersome. In addition, names of essential system accounts such as SYS are "baked into" the product, with thousands of dependencies involved. Making such a change would risk making the DBMS inoperative, and would interfere with getting support from Oracle. The Check and Fix, therefore, relate to good practices for protecting the essential system accounts from misuse.

Description

The Security Requirements Guide says, "Default accounts are usually accounts that have special privileges required to administer the database. Well-known DBMS account names are targeted most frequently by attackers and are thus more prone to providing unauthorized access to the database. "If default account names are not changed, an attacker has a predefined list of accounts to target. Since most default accounts are administrative in nature, the compromise of a default account can have catastrophic consequences, including the complete loss of control over the information system." However, Oracle does not provide for changing user names directly. Workarounds to achieve the effect of a name change are cumbersome. In addition, names of essential system accounts such as SYS are "baked into" the product, with thousands of dependencies involved. Making such a change would risk making the DBMS inoperative, and would interfere with getting support from Oracle. The Check and Fix, therefore, relate to good practices for protecting the essential system accounts from misuse.

STIG	Date
Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide	2019-01-04

Details

Check Text ( C-62729r1_chk )
Review the use of the essential system accounts with the DBA(s). Request evidence that administrators have individual administrative accounts and that they use these rather than SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, etc., in carrying out their duties. If the evidence indicates otherwise, this is a finding. Review the status of the essential system accounts, in the view DBA_USERS. If any of these accounts is not locked, or is not documented as a requirement, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-62729r1_chk )

Review the use of the essential system accounts with the DBA(s). Request evidence that administrators have individual administrative accounts and that they use these rather than SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, etc., in carrying out their duties.

If the evidence indicates otherwise, this is a finding.

Review the status of the essential system accounts, in the view DBA_USERS. If any of these accounts is not locked, or is not documented as a requirement, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-67765r1_fix)
Ensure that all individuals with DBA responsibilities always log on under their individual administrative accounts. Ensure that the passwords for essential system accounts such as SYS are available only to authorized administrators and tightly guarded to avoid misuse. Ensure that these accounts are kept locked except when it is specifically necessary to use them.